I need to run a “snake test” on a Cisco switch. Assuming I have 8 interfaces, how would I construct a configuration in Cisco IOS to perform a snake test? [In case you don’t know, a snake test is where you connect ports 2 and 3, ports 4 and 5, ports 6 and 7, with Ethernet cables and inject traffic into port 1 so that the packets will traverse the snake. Packets enter port 1, go out port 2 and into port 3, go out port 4 and into port 5, etc.

How long are cisco certifications valid for? What happens when Cisco releases an updated CCNA cerfitification? Does cisco automatically cancel all certificates based on the old syllabus and makes it mandatory for everyone to appear for the newly updated certification? How often are updates to current certifications released?
cance_ju: Are they valid for three years from the date of becoming certified or from the date when CISCO launches the exam?

i was reding a book about Cisco routing, and it mentioned broadcast addresses. i administer the network at my house, and am curious about it.

I am in Cisco II and it is really difficult to understand both the book and the way my instructor teaches the material is there an easier way to grasp the material? CCNA 2 is the name of the course that i am in currently.
i really can do both pretty much the same if it helps.

I have been working with Cisco Routers/Switches for a long time but have never sold my services outside of the company i was employed by. I now have an opportunity to do so but i don’t know what to charge.

Can anyone let me know what they’re charging or being charged for remote cisco Router/PIX/Switch support?

I’m in the northeast if region is a factor.

I know nothing about networking .Does having one or more of the Cisco certs i:e CCNA , CCNP OR CCIP , actually gaurantee a decent job ?Which certificate/skill is in highest demand ?